Chapter 12: Mendel

Mendel was a monk in the Monastery of St. Thomas in Brno , Czech Republic.

He carried out experiments on inhertitance and discovered the main patterns of inheritance long before DNA, chromosomes or meiosis was discovered.

Why was he successful?

1) He choose the right organism to study

2) He designed and carried out good experiments

3) He analysed the data correctly

Vocabulary More >>

locus:
location of a gene on a chromosome
allele: alternative forms of a gene
homozygous: same type of allele at the same locus
heterozygous: different alleles at the same locus
hybrid offspring of parents with different alleles at the same locus
Monohybrid Cross A cross involving one pair of contrasting characteristics
Phenotype The physical characteristics of an organism
Genotype The hereditary makeup of an organism
Dominant An allele that is expressed in heterozyotes
Recessive An allele that is only expressed in homozygotes
Segregation The separation of alleles during meiosis
F1 A hybrid formed by crossing differing pure breeding parents
F2 The offspring produced by inbreeding the F1
True-breeding Producing only offspring like the parents when mated with its own kind
Test-Cross A cross carried out to determine an organism's genotype, by mating it with a homozygous recessive organism.

More >>

Key terms:

Some related links

Basic facts: http://www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de/b-online/e08/08a.htm

http://www.micro.utexas.edu/courses/levin/bio304/genetics/genetics.html

http://web.mit.edu/esgbio/www/mg/problems.html

http://www.biology.arizona.edu/mendelian_genetics/mendelian_genetics.html

 

 

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